CAPITAL DEFENSE WEEKLY
Missed last week, but leading
off this edition, is Phillip
Anthony
Summers v. State from the Oklahoma Court of Criminal
Appeals. The issue in Summers
on appeal revolves around the trial court's exclusion of the testimony
by a witness that he ordered the murders for which Mr. Summers was
convicted, at least one of the killers told him the details of the
murders after it happened, and that the persons who did the hit did not
include Appellant. Holding that the "right to a
fair trial and to the opportunity to present a complete defense was
unconstitutionally violated by the trial court’s wholesale exclusion of
the testimony" a divided Court holds that the trial court erred in
excluding the testimony. "Furthermore, given the highly contested
nature of the evidence presented and the limitations of the State’s
evidence—in particular, no forensic evidence linking Phillip Summers to
either the crime scene or the murder weapons—this Court cannot conclude
that this constitutional violation was harmless beyond a reasonable
doubt.”
The Florida Supreme Court on
Thursday stayed
the
execution
of David Johnston so a hearing can be
held to determine whether he's mentally retarded. The justices issued
the 5-2 decision just hours after hearing oral argument. The opinion is
not yet available
In the news, the next possible wave
of challenges to lethal injection, Ringo v. Lombardi, Case No.
09-4095-CV-C-NKL, a federal district court judge in the Western
District of Missouri on Tuesday
denied a motion to dismiss in
a challenge to that state’s lethal injection statute. The suit
uses a
new avenue to challenge lethal injection, “a declaratory judgment that
Missouri’s lethal injection protocol violates the Food, Drug and
Cosmetic Act, 21 U.S.C. §§ 801, et seq. (“FDCA”), as well as
the
Controlled Substances Act, 21 U.S.C. §§ 301, et seq.
(“CSA”).” Mark
this one as one to watch.
Last week State District Judge
Kevin Fine found the Texas death penalty scheme unconstitutional.
Mark Bennett, Defending
People, has made available materials relating to that
order. “The original motion that Judge Fine signed is here.
On
Friday,
Judge Fine had a discussion with the prosecutor and defense
attorneys in the Green case, clarifying his order. The first part of
the transcript is here;
the
second part, here.”
[h/t
Stand Down].
Tuesday the judge reversed
himself, although the order, at time the send button was hit, could
not be located.
In Louisiana, an Orleans Parish
Criminal District Court judge granted
a
new trial for Michael Anderson finding prosecutors withheld
a two-hour videotaped interview with the sole eyewitness to the crime. Washington
state
recently changed its execution method to a single drug lethla
injection. DPIC
notes
that “on March 3, a federal District Court barred the re-prosecution of
former Ohio death row inmate Joe D’Ambrosio for the murder of Tony
Klann
over 22 years ago.” ABCNews is
questioning whether bad autopsies are leading to wrongful
convictions in Tennessee.
As always, thanks for reading. -k
Pending
Executions
March
11 Joshua Maxwell* (Texas)
16 Lawrence Reynolds* (Ohio)
16 Jack Harold Jones Jr.* (Ark)
18 Paul Warner Powell* (VA)
24 Hank Skinner* (Texas)
30 Franklin Alix* (Texas)
April
8 Richard Smith* (Ok)
12 Don William Davis* (Ark)
20 Samuel Bustamante* (Texas)
20 Daryl Durr* (Ohio)
22 William Berkley* (Texas)
Stays
March
9 David Johnston* (FL)
Executions
March
2 Michael Sigala* (Texas)
* "serious" execution date / (s)
stay believed likely / (V) Volunteer / note this list may exclude any
recently added execution date
[DPIC has
more]
SCOTUS
- Thaler
v. Anthony Haynes, No. 09-2730 (2/22/2010) "[A] trial judge
need not personally observe a
potential juror’s behavior in deciding later whether that juror was
denied a seat on the panel because of race, despite the prosecutor’s
claim that she was excluded because of her demeanor under
questioning.
No prior ruling of the Court, the Justices said in an unsigned,
apparently unanimous opinion, requires that the judge have been on hand
during jury selection in order to evaluate a claimed violation of Batson
v.
Kentucky,
when the use of a peremptory strike was based on a
claim of juror demeanor." [via SCOTUSBlog]
-
Johnson
v.
US, No. 08–6925
(3/2/2019) “A circuit court’s judgment upholding a sentence for
possession of ammunition by a convicted felon, which was enhanced under
the Armed Career Criminal Act, is reversed where the Florida felony
offense of battery by actually and intentionally touching another
person does not have as an element the use of physical force against
the person of another, and thus does not constitute a violent felony
under 18 U.S.C. section 924(e)(1).” [via
Findlaw]
- Wilkins
v.
Gaddy, No. 08–10914
(2/22/2010) "In a 42 U.S.C. section 1983 action alleging excessive
force by a
correctional officer, a court of appeals’ affirmance of dismissal of
the complaint is reversed where the district court’s approach (based on
its determination that plaintiff’s injuries were “de minimis”) was at
odds with precedent directing it to decide excessive force claims based
on the nature of the force, rather than the extent of the injury." [via
FindLaw]
- Florida v. Powell, No. 08–1175 (2/23/2010)
"In
a
state prosecution for possession of a weapon by a convicted felon, a
reversal of defendant’s conviction on Miranda grounds is reversed where
the police satisfied Miranda’s requirements by informing defendant that
he had “the right to talk to a lawyer before answering any of their
questions,” and that he had “the right to use any of his rights at any
time he wanted during the interview.” [via FindLaw]
- Maryland v. Shatzer, No. 08–680 (2/24/2010)
"In
a sexual child abuse prosecution, the state court of appeals’ reversal
of defendant’s conviction is reversed where defendant experienced a
break in Miranda custody lasting more than two weeks between first and
second attempts at interrogation, and thus Edwards did not mandate
suppression of defendant’s statements during the second interrogation."
[via FindLaw]
Week of March 1, 2010:
In Favor of the State or Government (initial
list)
- Larry
Wooten
v. Thaler,
2010 U.S. App. LEXIS 4298 (5th Cir 3/2/2010) “The court of appeals
affirmed the denial of the petition, holding that 1) when the actual
physical evidence is in full view, there is no constitutional demand
that the prosecution warrant any analysis of that evidence as final —
as the best and last attempts; and 2) there was no loss of
effectiveness under the Sixth Amendment as the strength of the state’s
case grew, just a lessening of the defendant’s chance to prevail.” [via
FindLaw]
- Ronald
Smith
v. Mahoney,
2010 U.S. App. LEXIS 4704 (9th Cir 3/5/2010) (dissent)”The petitioner
has been on death row since 1984 for a double murder. He turned down a
plea agreement that would have resulted in a 17-year actual sentence,
and instead chose to plead guilty and ask for death. He received a
death sentence, but then reconsidered. He argued that he had
ineffective counsel, and that his mental state at the time, deep
depression, rendered his decision questionable. Over the years, he had
resentencings. The 9th considers both his IAC claim and his challenge
to the sentence. The 9th finds clearly that his counsel had been
ineffective in advising him as to defenses, whether to go to trial,
investigation, and mitigation. And yet, the 9th finds that it was
without prejudice! As to the sentencing claims, the 9th denied the
claim that the sentencing judge failed to consider mitigating evidence
of proportionality, bias of the sentencing judge, and a Lackey claim
asserting that length of incarceration violated the 8th amendment. The
majority did end by praising petitioner’s rehabilitation and change of
life, but said that it was for clemency. In dissent, B. Fletcher argues
that there was prejudice in the ineffectiveness, and that it permeated
every aspect of the case up to and including the guilty plea and
request for death. Fletcher also makes the case that a Lachey
claim was viable here.” [via Ninth Circuit blog] Shaun
Martin
has more.
- People
v.
Jeffrey Jon Mills,
2010 Cal. LEXIS 1805 (Cal 3/1/2010) “Conviction and death sentence
imposed on defendant for first-degree murder and sex crimes are
affirmed where: 1) defendant’s pretrial issues are rejected as
meritless; 2) there is nothing in the record to suggest that the trial
court lacked impartiality when it conducted voir dire; 3) defendant’s
various claims regarding trial issues are rejected; and 4) defendant’s
claims of error during the penalty phase are rejected.” [via
FindLaw]
- Darryl
Scott
Stinski v. State,
2010 Ga. LEXIS 186 (GA 3/1/2010) Capital sentence undisturbed, arson
sentence vacated as the evidence showed that only one continuous act of
setting multiple fires in the same house. [more next week]
Week of February 22, 2010:
In Favor of the Accused or Condemned
-
Phillip
Anthony
Summers v. State,
2010 OK CR 5; 2010 Okla. Crim. App. LEXIS 5 ( Okla. Crim.
App.2/25/2010) (dissent) “This Court finds that Summers’ right to
a
fair trial and to the opportunity to present a complete defense was
unconstitutionally violated by the trial court’s wholesale exclusion of
the testimony of Johnson. Furthermore, given the highly contested
nature of the evidence presented and the limitations of the State’s
evidence—in particular, no forensic evidence linking Phillip Summers to
either the crime scene or the murder weapons—this Court cannot conclude
that this constitutional violation was harmless beyond a reasonable
doubt.”
- Ex
parte
Charles
Hood,
No. AP-75,370; 2010 Tex. Crim. App. LEXIS 12 & 2010 Tex.
Crim.
App. LEXIS 13 (Tex. Crim. App. 2/24/2010) (dissent)(plurality) A
sharply divided plurality grants relief on a Penry claim without ever
mentioning the salacious allegations that have won this case
international condemnation. Specifically, the jury instructions limited
the ability of the jurors to fully consider in mitigation issues
like
the condemned’s learning disabilities, being hit over the head with a
pipe for discipline, and had a that he had a truck back over him
as
toddler causing developmental issues and breaking his legs. Steve Hall
effectively rounds up the coverage of the decision here.
- Fred
Lawrence
Robinson
v.
Schriro,
2010 U.S. App. LEXIS 3605 (9th Cir 2/22/2010) New trial ordered based
on the erroneous finding the murder at issue was committed in an
especially cruel, heinous, or depraved manner AND trial counsel
delivered ineffective assistance of counsel. (unpublished portion of
the opinion available at 2010 U.S. App. LEXIS3589).
- Alwin
C.
Tumblin
v.
State,
2010 Fla. LEXIS 258 (FL 2/25/2010) “We conclude that reversible error
occurred in the guilt phase of the trial, which affected both the guilt
phase and the penalty phase, when a police officer gave his opinion of
the truthfulness of a key State witness.”
- James
Harrison
v.
Gillespie,
2010 U.S. App. LEXIS 3606 (9th Cir 2/22/2010) (superseding opinion)
Trial court abused its discretion by declaring a mistrial without first
polling jury. Double jeopardy held to have attached. State
may not
again seek death on retrial.
Week of February 22, 2010:
In Favor of the State or Government
- State
v.
Ryan Wesley Kuhs, 2010 Ariz. LEXIS 13; 576 Ariz.
Adv. Rep. 13 (Az 2/24/2010) Relief denied on numerous claims
including: (1) trial court erred by
finding him competent
to stand trial without holding an evidentiary hearing; (2) during the
State's guilt phase closing argument, the victim's
stepmother cried audibly; (3) sufficiency of the evidence to support
the felony-murder conviction; (4) denial of motion to strike
jurors
for cause; (5) the trial judge erred in rejecting the jury's
"verdict"
that it could
not unanimously decide on a sentence of life or death; (6) the
trial
court coerced the jury verdict by giving an
impasse instruction after the jury had twice indicated that it was
deadlocked; (7) sending the jury back to deliberate after two separate
impasse or deadlock notes; (8) jury
instructions regarding sympathy; (9) Arizona's
death-by-lethal-injection statute; (10) review the jury's finding
of
aggravating circumstances and verdict
of death for abuse of discretion. A.R.S. § 13-756 (Supp.
2009).
- Michael
Wall
Hall
v.
Thaler,
2010 U.S. App. LEXIS 3611 (5th Cir 2/22/2010) COA and Relief denied on
claims relating to whether Mr. Hall is mental retarded, “whether the
Texas death penalty statute or the mitigation special issue submitted
to the jury violates the Constitution.”
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