CAPITAL DEFENSE WEEKLY 

As always a heartfelt thanks for reading and a special thank you to Steve Hall from which must of the news is drawn. - k

Pending Executions
June
14   Shawn Hawkins* (Ohio)
15   John Balentine* (Tex)
16   Lee Taylor* (Tex)
16   Eddie Powell III* (Ala)
16   Ricky Gray (Va)
21   Milton Mathis* (Tex)
30   Richard Bible (Az)
July
7     Humberto Leal* (Tex)
12   Marcel Williams* (Ark)
19   Kenneth Smith* (Ohio)
19   Thomas West
20   Mark Stroman* (Tex)
August
10   Martin Robles* (Tex)
16   Brett Hartman* (Ohio)
16   Gary Haugen (Ore)
23   Randall Mayes* (Tex)
30   Ivan Cantu* (Tex)

Stays
April
5    Cleve Foster* (Tex)
5    Daniel Wayne Cook* (Az)
6    Wayne Kubsch (Ind)
May
24   Robert Simon, Jr.*(Miss)
June
14   Carey Moore* (Neb)
22   Frank Williams* (Ark)

Executions
May
3    Cary Kerr* (Tex)
6     Jeffrey Motts* (SC)(V)
10   Benny Stevens* (Miss)
17   Daniel Bedford* (Ohio)
17   Rodney Gray* (Miss)
19   Jason Williams* (Ala)
25   Don Beaty* (Ariz)
June
1     Gayland Bradford* (Tex)

*"serious" execution date / (s) stay believed likely / (V) Volunteer / note this list may erroneously exclude some dates [via DPIC] 

SCOTUS 

  • Brown v. Plata,  2011 U.S. LEXIS 4012 (5/23/2011) In an unusually blunt language Court holds the Eighth Amendment requires something more than warehousing inmates. 
  • Eugene Tyrone Decastro v. Branker, 2011 U.S. App. LEXIS 11199 (4th Cir 6/3/2011) “In a petition for habeas relief from a conviction of first degree murder, judgment of the district court denying relief is affirmed where applicaton on the grounds of ineffective assistance of counsel and state violations of Eighth Amendment and due process rights fail because state court’s decisions did not constitute an unreasonable application of clearly established federal law or an unreasonable determination of the facts” [via FindLaw]
  • Michael Coleman v. State, 2011 Fla. LEXIS 1251 (Fl 6/2/2011) “For the reasons expressed below, we reverse the circuit court‘s denial of postconviction relief as it pertains to Coleman‘s claim of ineffective assistance of counsel during the penalty phase because we conclude that counsel rendered ineffective assistance of counsel during the penalty phase when counsel failed to investigate, develop, and present available mitigating evidence that would have legally precluded an override of the jury‘s life recommendation. Therefore, we vacate Coleman‘s death sentences and remand for imposition of life sentences instead.”
  • Mark Duke v. Allen, 2011 U.S. App. LEXIS 10574 (11th Cir 5/26/2011)(dissent) “Court affirm[s] the denial of habeas relief to an Alabama inmate. During the prosecution’s closing argument, defense counsel objected to an apparent reference to the defendant’s failure to testify, and asked the trial court to note that the prosecutor was pointing at the defendant when he made the statement. The trial court, however, did not so note. The Court found that defense counsel therefore failed to preserve a record adequate to allow a reviewing court to review the claimed gesture by the prosecutor. Moreover, the “he” whom the prosecutor may have been commenting on might not have been the defendant, but the blood of a victim. [In dissent, Judge Wilson argued that “he” referred to the defendant, and the prosecution was therefore improperly commenting on the defendant’s failure to testify.]” [via Defense Newsletter blog]
  • State v. Roderick Nunley,  2011 Mo. LEXIS 127 (Mo. 5/31/2011) ”Because the man pleaded guilty and waived jury sentencing for the strategic reason of avoiding jury sentencing, his federal and state  constitutional rights were not violated. His original plea and waiver remained valid after this Court remanded (sent back) his case for resentencing. Because he pleaded guilty and waived jury sentencing, the later – decided cases of Ring v. Arizona and State v. Whitfield do not apply. In addition, this Court did not err in its proportionality review of the man’s death sentence because the applicable law regarding proportionality review described in State v. Deck and State v. Dorsey is not retroactive.””Dissent would hold that “a defendant cannot waive a constitutional right that was not yet recognized at the time of the plea and the assertion of which is not inherently inconsistent with the plea.” [via the Missouri Supreme Court’s Clerk’s Office’s summary]
  • State, ex re. Michael Anthony Taylor v. Steele,  2011 Mo. LEXIS 125  (Mo. 5/31/2011) (dissent) Mr. Taylor at trial sought a bench trial for his guilt phase claim and which resulted in the automatic waiver of a jury at the penalty phase under Missouri law.  On postconviction relief is denied as: “(1) Taylor is not entitled to jury sentencing under the Sixth Amendment;” “(2) Taylor’s waiver of jury sentencing remains valid;” “(3) Because the record clearly shows that Taylor strategically waived jury sentencing after weighing the costs and benefits of facing a jury, his case is distinguishable from Apprendi v. New Jersey, Ring, Blakely, Whitfield and their progeny;”  “(4) Taylor is not entitled to retroactive application of Ring or its progeny;”“(5) For the reasons discussed above, Taylor remains bound by his strategic decision in 1991 to  have his sentence imposed by a judge rather than a jury.” Dissent would hold that waiver of rights under Ring must be made separate and apart from the waiver of a guilt phase jury. [via the Missouri Supreme Court’s Clerk’s Office’s summary]
  • State v. Roy L. Ellis, 281 Neb. 571 (Neb. 5/27/2011) Relief denied, most notably, on the admission of other crime evidence. Specifically, “[t]he State, over Ellis’ objection, presented testimony from  Ellis’ former stepdaughters that Ellis had sexually assaulted  them during a 3-year period from 1993 to 1995.” “Although we find that Ellis’ argument regarding evidence admitted pursuant to rule 404(2) has merit, we find that the error was harmless; the physical evidence, and statements Ellis was reported to have made before the physical evidence connected him to the crime, established his guilt beyond any reasonable dispute. The district court, however, correctly overruled Ellis’ objections to alleged “jailhouse informer” testimony and DNA evidence. And we find no merit to Ellis’ constitutional challenges to Nebraska’s capital sentencing scheme or his claims that the evidence is insufficient to support the findingsof the jury and the sentencing panel. Finally, we find, on our de novo review, that the death penalty is warranted and proportional in this case.”
  • Paul Christopher Hildwin v. State, 2011 Fla. LEXIS 1254 (Fl 6/2/2011) Relief denied on claims relating to “(1) ineffective assistance of penalty-phase counsel for failing to investigate, prepare, and present mitigating evidence, and (2) ineffective assistance of penalty-phase counsel in failing to object to improper remarks made by the prosecutor in closing argument.”
  • Erick Virgil Hall v. State,  2011 Ida. LEXIS 89 (Ida 5/27/2011) Relief denied on claims pertaining to: “1. Whether the district court had the inherent authority to enter an order restricting appellate counsel’s contact with jurors. 2. Whether the district court violated Hall’s attorneys’ First Amendment rights by entering an order forbidding contact with the jurors absent prior court approval.3. Whether the district court abused its discretion in denying Hall’s motion for post-verdict communications with the jurors. 4. Whether the district court abused its discretion in denying Hall’s motion to depose his trial counsel’s investigator.”
  • People v. Veronica Utilia Gonzales,  2011 Cal. LEXIS 5437 (Cal 6/2/2011) (dissent) "Trial court should have curtailed prosecutor's extended and melodramatic oration couched as a letter to victim by sustaining defense objections and admonishing jury, but defendant failed to show prejudice, as there was not reasonable possibility jury would have returned different penalty verdict absent inflammatory and irrelevant aspects of letter." [via LexisOne]

Week of May 23, 2011: In Favor of the Accused or Condemned

  • Sean Carter v. Bradshaw, 2011 U.S. App. LEXIS 10572  (6th Cir. 5/26/2011) (dissent) Petitioner incompetent to proceed in federal habeas proceedings

Week of May 23, 2011: In Favor of the Prosecution or Warden

  • Norberto Pietri v. Fl. Dep’t of Corr.,  2011 U.S. App. LEXIS 10573 (11th Cir 5/25/2011)  Affirming “the denial of habeas relief to a Florida inmate sentenced to death for a 1988 murder. The Court rejected the argument that counsel were ineffective for failing to put on an “metabolic intoxication” defense. The Court noted that Pietri did not show that he was intoxicated at the time of the murder, and that “metabolic intoxication” was not a cognizable under Florida law at the time of Pietri’s trial. The Court also rejected the argument that counsel were ineffective at the penalty phase for failing to present mitigating evidence. The Court found that trial counsel strategically decided not to present some of the mental health experts they consulted.”

  • Donald Edward Beaty v. Brewer, 2011 U.S. App. LEXIS 10562 (9th Cir 5/25/2011)  “State inmate was not entitled to a stay of his execution based on the state’s intent to use a substitute drug in its lethal injection protocol; an Eighth Amendment claim had been found unlikely to succeed because a risk of severe pain was not shown, and the inmate did not have a Fourteenth Amendment due process right to review protocol changes.” [via Lexisone]

  • Donald Edward Beaty v. Brewer, 2011 U.S. App. LEXIS 10878 (9th Cir 5/27/2011) (denial en banc)(concurrence)(dissent) In concurrence, C.J. Kozinski lays out how to and not to challenge pentobarbital.

  • Ex parte State of Alabama; (In re: Thomas Robert Lane v. State of Alabama), 2011 Ala. LEXIS 82 (Ala 5/27/2011) The trial court removed counsel that Lane liked. “[T]he trial court’s erroneous removal of Lane’s court-appointed counsel was not [however] structural error, and the Court of Criminal Appeals erred in failing to determine whether the trial court committed plain error when it removed Lane’s court-appointed counsel. Accordingly, we reverse the judgment of the Court of Criminal Appeals and remand this case to the Court of Criminal Appeals for that court to determine whether the trial court committed plain error when it removed Jordan as Lane’s lead counsel.”

  • Zane Jack Fields v. State, 2011 Ida. LEXIS 80 (Ida 5/25/2011)  “This is an appeal from a judgment summarily dismissing an application for post-conviction relief based upon DNA test results and affidavits of trial witnesses. Because the DNA test results did not establish that petitioner did not commit the offense and the affidavits cannot support a claim for post-conviction relief….”

  • Billy Ray Irick v. State, 2011 Tenn. Crim. App. LEXIS 367 (Tenn. Crim. App. 5/23/2011)   “[D]enial of the inmate’s petition for writ of error coram nobis was proper under Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-26-105(b) because his petition was time-barred and because, even if the claims were timely, he failed to show that if the later-arising evidence been admitted at the original trial that it might have changed the outcome.” [via LexisOne]
  • Comm. v. Ralph Birdsong, 2011 Pa. LEXIS 1160 (Penn 5/26/2011) Relief denied following, what the dissent calls, a cut & paste opinion drawn heavily from the Commonwealth’s brief, sufficiency of colloquy waiver of jury trial, lack of evidentiary support for the court below’s findings, and evidentiary issues before the postconviction court. Substantively, relief denied on claims relating to Brady violations:“(1) Commonwealth witness Andre Kinard was offered immunity from unrelated criminal charges in exchange for his identification testimony against appellant; (2) the Commonwealth placed several key witnesses in a witness protection program, which provided them with free housing, stipends for living expenses, and relocation to another city; (3) electronic surveillance purportedly establishing members of one of appellant's rival drug factions planned to assassinate another drug dealer; and (4) the results of tests comparing appellant's blood and saliva samples with those recovered from the rape victim.” Further, “[a]n inmate failed to show ineffectiveness of trial or appellate counsel where pursuit of a misidentification defense was not unreasonable, the decision not to call witnesses was one of trial strategy, and the inmate validly waived the right to a jury at sentencing and to present mental health mitigation testimony in that proceeding.” [via LexisOne]

Catching up from past editions
  • State v. Clarence Wayne Dixon, 2011 Ariz. LEXIS 23 (Az 5/6/2011) "Murder was especially cruel under the Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-751(F)(6) aggravator because the victim surely must have suffered mental anguish while being raped, hit, and strangled, and defendant should have known that the victim would suffer such anguish while being attacked." [via LexisOne & although misses some of the other issues, its better than nothing]

  • State v. Wayne Benoit Prince,  607 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 4 (Az 5/6/2011) "Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-752(K) was not void for vagueness because the statutes governing the second penalty phase, Ariz. Rev. Stat. §§ 13-752(G), 13-751(G), provided sufficient guidance for the admissibility of evidence of the aggravating factors previously found by the aggravation-phase jury." [via LexisOne & although misses some of the other issues, its better than nothing]

Noncapital of note:
  • Tara Sheneva Williams v. Cavazos,  2011 U.S. App. LEXIS 10345 (9th Cir 5/23/2011) “A hung jury is never a desirable outcome in a criminal trial. When a mistrial results, the interest shared by the State, the defendant, the court, and the public in the efficient administration of justice is diminished. The sacrifice of efficiency for the preservation of liberty is central, however, to the safeguards the Constitution affords criminal defendants. If “[m]en must turn square corners when they deal with the Government,” it is even more true that the government, including the courts, may not cut corners when dealing with man’s freedom. Unfortunately, the trial court cut some corners here. In view of the reasonable possibility that Juror No. 6′s discharge was directly or indirectly the result of his position on the merits of the case, and in view of the lack of good cause to justify his dismissal, we hold that the removal of Juror No. 6 deprived Williams of her right to a fair trial by jury. We therefore reverse the judgment of the district court and remand with instructions to grant the writ.”
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As the author(s) don't practice necessarily in the jurisdiction where a decision was rendered, vagaries, peculiarities and nuances may be missed resulting in an erroneous reporting of the holding (put another way, do your own due diligence &/or consult an attorney authorized to practice in a particular jurisdiction before relying on any reported decision as authoritative). The chief author no longer practices in the field of capital defense or even in a state with a death penalty.On a semi-regular basis cases in which the writer(s) have participated in one manner or another (including as counsel of record) may be covered here. As always, the views expressed here represent an attempt to show what a given Court held, not whether a particular court reached what the author(s) subjectively believe is the "correct"decision,The opinions noted above are normally "slip opinions" that may be modified or withdrawn by the issuing court without notice. Note the citation method intentionally deviates from standard Blue Book, and/or other standard citation form, to permit readers to readily find opinions either from Google Scholar, a given court, Lexis, Westlaw, Findlaw, or the free Lexis product Lexisone.com.

OPEN RESEARCH DATA: We've been at this since 1997, thanks to all those whose time, efforts, and contributions have made it possible over the years. Search terms for the weekly are,: " "capital habeas" or "capital postconviction" or "death penalty" or "capital murder" or "sentenced to death" or "penalty phase" or "special questions" or "sentence of death" or "death sentence" or "capital punishment" or "witherspoon" or atkins," on Lexisone.com. Please note the terms dramatically "overproduce" results. FindLaw.com & various listservs are also used to cross-check results.

SOURCES: Execution and other news information derived from DPIC, Steve Hall, Rick Halperin, & media accounts.
**Indicates prior representation or other involvement in the case by compiler